Product Information

Dinitrophenyl (DNP) is a hapten that is often used for labeling

primary or secondary probes in immunological assays. Small

molecules (Haptens) such as small chemicals or drugs or antibiotics

or peptides must be coupled to a large carrier protein (BSA,

Ovalbumin, thyroglobulin, toxoids etc) to make antibodies.

Much of our current understanding of the antibody response to

antigens has been derived by using the antibody-hapten model. One

known model uses the dinitrophenyl (DNP) group. Immunization of

many mammalian species with DNP-protein conjugates results in

production of antibodies specific for DNP and the amino acid side

chains to which it is attached.

Model antigens have typically been used to study the immune status

of immune compromised animals or to compare the effect of added

substances (adjuvant). A variety of model antigens can be used:

Proteins (medium size such ovalbumin (45 kda) or BSA (65 kda),

Thyroglobulin & KLH (>100 Kda-million Kda),

DNP-albumin or ovalbumin conjugates contains approx. 40

DNP/molecule of protein. DNP conjugates (DNP-KLH or DNP-BSA)

useful for the production of antibodies specific for DNP and

hemocyanin or BSA. DNP immunization produced a significant

variation in the amount and antibody class (IgGs, IgA, IgE, IgM)

among strains, and under various experimental conditions. DNP

preparations (purity and supplier), doses (amount per injection),

routes (intramuscular, intravenous, aerosol, liposome entrapped,

polymerized etc), frequency of exposure (single injections, multiple

etc) may induce a defined class of antibody and its level may vary as

well. DNP-induced antibody production has been used to assess the

immune status of normal and immune compromised

animals.

Storage and Stability: Shipped at room temperature and it should

be stored at 2-8 C. Long term storage at -20 C for up to 6 months.

Avoid repeated freeze thaw cycles.